myapp/forms.py
# Filename : example.py # Copyright : 2020 By Nhooo # Author by : www.jixiangtaizi.com.cn # Date : 2020-08-08 #-*- coding: utf-8 -*- from django import forms class LoginForm(forms.Form): user = forms.CharField(max_length = 100) password = forms.CharField(widget = forms.PasswordInput())
由上可見(jiàn),字段類型可以利用“widget”的參數(shù)到HTML渲染; 在我們的實(shí)例中,我們要隱藏密碼,不會(huì)顯示。在我們的實(shí)例中,想要隱藏密碼而不用顯示。 日期輸入是DateInput,CheckboxInput是復(fù)選框等等。
在視圖中使用表單
有兩種HTTP請(qǐng)求,它們分別是GET和POST。在Django,作為參數(shù)傳遞到視圖請(qǐng)求對(duì)象有一個(gè)屬性叫作“方法”,其中請(qǐng)求的類型被設(shè)置,并通過(guò)POST傳遞的所有數(shù)據(jù)可以經(jīng)由request.POST字典進(jìn)行訪問(wèn)。
讓我們?cè)?nbsp;myapp/views.py 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)登錄視圖 ?
# Filename : example.py # Copyright : 2020 By Nhooo # Author by : www.jixiangtaizi.com.cn # Date : 2020-08-08 #-*- coding: utf-8 -*- from myapp.forms import LoginForm def login(request): username = "not logged in" if request.method == "POST": #Get the posted form MyLoginForm = LoginForm(request.POST) if MyLoginForm.is_valid(): username = MyLoginForm.cleaned_data['username'] else: MyLoginForm = Loginform() return render(request, 'loggedin.html', {"username" : username})
該視圖將通過(guò) loggedin.html 登錄顯示表單結(jié)果。 為了測(cè)試它,我們首先需要登錄表單模板。讓我們把它命名為:login.html。
# Filename : example.py # Copyright : 2020 By Nhooo # Author by : www.jixiangtaizi.com.cn # Date : 2020-08-08 <html> <body> <form name = "form" action = "{% url "myapp.views.login" %}" method = "POST" >{% csrf_token %} <div style = "max-width:470px;"> <center> <input type = "text" style = "margin-left:20%;" placeholder = "Identifiant" name = "username" /> </center> </div> <br> <div style = "max-width:470px;"> <center> <input type = "password" style = "margin-left:20%;" placeholder = "password" name = "password" /> </center> </div> <br> <div style = "max-width:470px;"> <center> <button style = "border:0px; background-color:#4285F4; margin-top:8%; height:35px; width:80%;margin-left:19%;" type = "submit" value = "Login" > <strong>Login</strong> </button> </center> </div> </form> </body> </html>
模板將顯示一個(gè)登錄表單,并發(fā)布結(jié)果我們上面登錄查看。您可能已經(jīng)注意到模板,這只是為了防止您網(wǎng)站上的跨站請(qǐng)求偽造(CSRF)攻擊的標(biāo)簽。
# Filename : example.py # Copyright : 2020 By Nhooo # Author by : www.jixiangtaizi.com.cn # Date : 2020-08-08 {% csrf_token %}
當(dāng)擁有了登錄模板后,我們需要將表格處理后呈現(xiàn) loggedin.html 模板。
# Filename : example.py # Copyright : 2020 By Nhooo # Author by : www.jixiangtaizi.com.cn # Date : 2020-08-08 <html> <body> You are : <strong>{{username}}</strong> </body> </html>
現(xiàn)在,我們只需要URLs對(duì)來(lái)開(kāi)始: myapp/urls.py
# Filename : example.py # Copyright : 2020 By Nhooo # Author by : www.jixiangtaizi.com.cn # Date : 2020-08-08 from django.conf.urls import patterns, url from django.views.generic import TemplateView urlpatterns = patterns('myapp.views', url(r'^connection/',TemplateView.as_view(template_name = 'login.html')), url(r'^login/', 'login', name = 'login'))
當(dāng)訪問(wèn)"/myapp/connection",我們會(huì)得到 login.html 模板顯示如下?
上面的表格提交后,格式是有效的。在我們的實(shí)例中一定要填寫兩個(gè)字段,得到以下結(jié)果 ?
如果您的用戶名是polo,并且如果忘記了密碼。會(huì)收到以下消息 ?
用我們自己的表單驗(yàn)證
在上面的實(shí)例中,驗(yàn)證表單為 ?
# Filename : example.py # Copyright : 2020 By Nhooo # Author by : www.jixiangtaizi.com.cn # Date : 2020-08-08 MyLoginForm.is_valid()
我們只用Django的自我形式驗(yàn)證引擎,在實(shí)例中只是確保這個(gè)字段是必需的?,F(xiàn)在讓我們嘗試以確保嘗試登錄的用戶是存在于我們的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)作為Dreamreal項(xiàng)。 對(duì)于這一點(diǎn),改變 myapp/forms.py 為 ?
# Filename : example.py # Copyright : 2020 By Nhooo # Author by : www.jixiangtaizi.com.cn # Date : 2020-08-08 #-*- coding: utf-8 -*- from django import forms from myapp.models import Dreamreal class LoginForm(forms.Form): user = forms.CharField(max_length = 100) password = forms.CharField(widget = forms.PasswordInput()) def clean_message(self): username = self.cleaned_data.get("username") dbuser = Dreamreal.objects.filter(name = username) if not dbuser: raise forms.ValidationError("User does not exist in our db!") return username
現(xiàn)在,調(diào)用“is_valid”方法之后,我們將獲得正確的輸出,僅當(dāng)用戶是在我們的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。如果想查詢表單字段,僅僅通過(guò)添加一個(gè)以“clean_”開(kāi)頭方法,字段名稱對(duì)應(yīng)到表單類字段。 引發(fā)一個(gè) forms.ValidationError 錯(cuò)誤是很重要的。