在本教程中,您將學(xué)習(xí)如何使用PHP以升序或降序?qū)ySQL表中的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行排序和顯示。
ORDER BY子句可與SELECT語句結(jié)合使用,以查看按特定字段排序的表中的數(shù)據(jù)。ORDER BY子句允許您定義排序依據(jù)的字段名以及升序或降序的排序方向。
該子句的基本語法可以通過以下方式給出:
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name ORDER BY column_name(s) ASC|DESC
讓我們使用SELECT語句中的ORDER BY子句進(jìn)行一個(gè)SQL查詢,之后我們將通過將其傳遞給PHP mysqli_query()函數(shù)來執(zhí)行該查詢,以獲取有序的數(shù)據(jù)。請(qǐng)考慮演示數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的以下persons表:
+----+------------+-----------+----------------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | email | +----+------------+-----------+----------------------+ | 1 | Peter | Parker | peterparker@mail.com | | 2 | John | Rambo | johnrambo@mail.com | | 3 | Clark | Kent | clarkkent@mail.com | | 4 | John | Carter | johncarter@mail.com | | 5 | Harry | Potter | harrypotter@mail.com | +----+------------+-----------+----------------------+
下面示例中的PHP代碼從persons表中選擇所有行,first_name列按字母升序?qū)Y(jié)果進(jìn)行排序。
<?php
/* 嘗試MySQL服務(wù)器連接。 假設(shè)您正在運(yùn)行MySQL。
具有默認(rèn)設(shè)置的服務(wù)器(沒有密碼的用戶“root”) */
$link = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "", "demo");
//檢查連接
if($link === false){
die("錯(cuò)誤:無法連接。 " . mysqli_connect_error());
}
//嘗試使用ORDER BY子句執(zhí)行SELECT查詢
$sql = "SELECT * FROM persons ORDER BY first_name";
if($result = mysqli_query($link, $sql)){
if(mysqli_num_rows($result) > 0){
echo "<table>";
echo "<tr>";
echo "<th>id</th>";
echo "<th>first_name</th>";
echo "<th>last_name</th>";
echo "<th>email</th>";
echo "</tr>";
while($row = mysqli_fetch_array($result)){
echo "<tr>";
echo "<td>" . $row['id'] . "</td>";
echo "<td>" . $row['first_name'] . "</td>";
echo "<td>" . $row['last_name'] . "</td>";
echo "<td>" . $row['email'] . "</td>";
echo "</tr>";
}
echo "</table>";
//關(guān)閉結(jié)果集
mysqli_free_result($result);
} else{
echo "找不到與您的查詢匹配的記錄。";
}
} else{
echo "錯(cuò)誤:無法執(zhí)行 $sql. " . mysqli_error($link);
}
//關(guān)閉連接
mysqli_close($link);
?><?php
/* 嘗試MySQL服務(wù)器連接。 假設(shè)您正在運(yùn)行MySQL。
具有默認(rèn)設(shè)置的服務(wù)器(沒有密碼的用戶“root”) */
$mysqli = new mysqli("localhost", "root", "", "demo");
//檢查連接
if($mysqli === false){
die("錯(cuò)誤:無法連接。 " . $mysqli->connect_error);
}
//嘗試選擇查詢執(zhí)行 with order by clause
$sql = "SELECT * FROM persons ORDER BY first_name";
if($result = $mysqli->query($sql)){
if($result->num_rows > 0){
echo "<table>";
echo "<tr>";
echo "<th>id</th>";
echo "<th>first_name</th>";
echo "<th>last_name</th>";
echo "<th>email</th>";
echo "</tr>";
while($row = $result->fetch_array()){
echo "<tr>";
echo "<td>" . $row['id'] . "</td>";
echo "<td>" . $row['first_name'] . "</td>";
echo "<td>" . $row['last_name'] . "</td>";
echo "<td>" . $row['email'] . "</td>";
echo "</tr>";
}
echo "</table>";
// 釋放結(jié)果集
$result->free();
} else{
echo "找不到與您的查詢匹配的記錄。";
}
} else{
echo "錯(cuò)誤:無法執(zhí)行 $sql. " . $mysqli->error;
}
//關(guān)閉連接
$mysqli->close();
?><?php
/* 嘗試MySQL服務(wù)器連接。 假設(shè)您正在運(yùn)行MySQL。
具有默認(rèn)設(shè)置的服務(wù)器(沒有密碼的用戶“root”) */
try{
$pdo = new PDO("mysql:host=localhost;dbname=demo", "root", "");
//將PDO錯(cuò)誤模式設(shè)置為異常
$pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
} catch(PDOException $e){
die("錯(cuò)誤:無法連接。 " . $e->getMessage());
}
//嘗試選擇查詢執(zhí)行
try{
$sql = "SELECT * FROM persons ORDER BY first_name";
$result = $pdo->query($sql);
if($result->rowCount() > 0){
echo "<table>";
echo "<tr>";
echo "<th>id</th>";
echo "<th>first_name</th>";
echo "<th>last_name</th>";
echo "<th>email</th>";
echo "</tr>";
while($row = $result->fetch()){
echo "<tr>";
echo "<td>" . $row['id'] . "</td>";
echo "<td>" . $row['first_name'] . "</td>";
echo "<td>" . $row['last_name'] . "</td>";
echo "<td>" . $row['email'] . "</td>";
echo "</tr>";
}
echo "</table>";
//釋放結(jié)果集
unset($result);
} else{
echo "找不到與您的查詢匹配的記錄。";
}
} catch(PDOException $e){
die("錯(cuò)誤:無法執(zhí)行 $sql. " . $e->getMessage());
}
//關(guān)閉連接
unset($pdo);
?>對(duì)結(jié)果進(jìn)行排序后,結(jié)果集將如下所示:
+----+------------+-----------+----------------------+ | id | first_name | last_name | email | +----+------------+-----------+----------------------+ | 3 | Clark | Kent | clarkkent@mail.com | | 5 | Harry | Potter | harrypotter@mail.com | | 2 | John | Rambo | johnrambo@mail.com | | 4 | John | Carter | johncarter@mail.com | | 1 | Peter | Parker | peterparker@mail.com | +----+------------+-----------+----------------------+
提示:默認(rèn)情況下,該ORDER BY子句以升序?qū)Y(jié)果進(jìn)行排序。如果要按降序?qū)τ涗涍M(jìn)行排序,則可以使用DESC關(guān)鍵字。