有時我們想要在 Erlang 運行時系統(tǒng)中運行一個外語程序。在這種情況下,程序被編寫為一個共享庫,動態(tài)鏈接到 Erlang 運行時系統(tǒng)。在程序員看來,鏈接驅(qū)動程序是一個端口程序,并且遵循與端口程序完全相同的協(xié)議。
創(chuàng)建鏈接驅(qū)動程序是與 Erlang 接口外語代碼的最有效方法,但也是最危險的方法。鏈接驅(qū)動程序中的任何致命錯誤都會導(dǎo)致 Erlang 系統(tǒng)崩潰。
以下是在Erlang中實現(xiàn)驅(qū)動程序的示例-
-module(helloworld).
-export([start/0, stop/0]).
-export([twice/1, sum/2]).
start() ->
start("example1_drv" ).
start(SharedLib) ->
case erl_ddll:load_driver("." , SharedLib) of
ok -> ok;
{error, already_loaded} -> ok;
_ -> exit({error, could_not_load_driver})
end,
spawn(fun() -> init(SharedLib) end).
init(SharedLib) ->
register(example1_lid, self()),
Port = open_port({spawn, SharedLib}, []),
loop(Port).
stop() ->
example1_lid ! stop.
twice(X) -> call_port({twice, X}).
sum(X,Y) -> call_port({sum, X, Y}). call_port(Msg) ->
example1_lid ! {call, self(), Msg}, receive
{example1_lid, Result} ->
Result
end.
LINKED-IN DRIVERS 223
loop(Port) ->
receive
{call, Caller, Msg} ->
Port ! {self(), {command, encode(Msg)}}, receive
{Port, {data, Data}} ->
Caller ! {example1_lid, decode(Data)}
end,
loop(Port);
stop -> Port !
{self(), close},
receive
{Port, closed} ->
exit(normal)
end;
{'EXIT', Port, Reason} ->
io:format("~p ~n" , [Reason]),
exit(port_terminated)
end.
encode({twice, X}) -> [1, X];
encode({sum, X, Y}) -> [2, X, Y]. decode([Int]) -> Int.請注意,使用驅(qū)動程序極為復(fù)雜,在使用驅(qū)動程序時應(yīng)格外小心。